船用天然橡胶绝缘电缆丁苯使用寿命的估计     

张明洁 《广东海洋大学学报》1993,(2)

为使船用天然丁苯橡胶绝缘电缆(CF型)剩余使用寿命达到合理利用,本文重点讨论温度对电缆绝缘热老化的影响。通过电缆结构及使用过程中对其寿命关联最大的绝缘层老化——即热老化的确定和计算,归纳出各种温度状态下电缆的剩余使用寿命。  相似文献   

Treating ballast water with hydroxyl radical on introduced organisms   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张芝涛  白敏菂肖宇 白敏冬杨波  白希尧 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2006,24(2):161-167

1 INTRODUCTION The introduction of invasive marine species into new environments by ship’s ballast water, by attaching to ships’ hulls or via other vectors has been recognized as one of the four major threats to the world’s oceans by Global Environment…  相似文献   

Variability and trends in the annual snow‐cover cycle in Northern Hemisphere land areas, 1972–2000     

Dennis G. Dye 《水文研究》2002,16(15):3065-3077

This study investigated variability and trends in the annual snow‐cover cycle in regions covering high‐latitude and high‐elevation land areas in the Northern Hemisphere. The annual snow‐cover cycle was examined with respect to the week of the last‐observed snow cover in spring (WLS), the week of the first‐observed snow cover in autumn (WFS), and the duration of the snow‐free period (DSF). The analysis used a 29‐year time‐series (1972–2000) of weekly, visible‐band satellite observations of Northern Hemisphere snow cover from NOAA with corrections applied by D. Robinson of Rutgers University Climate Laboratory. Substantial interannual variability was observed in WLS, WFS and DSF (standard deviations of 0·8–1·1, 0·7–0·9 and 1·0–1·4 weeks, respectively), which is related directly to interannual variability in snow‐cover area in the regions and time periods of snow‐cover transition. Over the nearly three‐decade study period, WLS shifted earlier by 3–5 days/decade as determined by linear regression analysis. The observed shifts in the annual snow‐cover cycle underlie a significant trend toward a longer annual snow‐free period. The DSF increased by 5–6 days/decade over the study period, primarily as a result of earlier snow cover disappearance in spring. The observed trends are consistent with reported trends in the timing and length of the active growing season as determined from satellite observations of vegetation greenness and the atmospheric CO₂ record. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Nitrogen losses from a Louisiana Gulf Coast salt marsh     

R.D. DeLaune  C.J. Smith  W.H. Patrick 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,17(2):133-141

Losses of ¹⁵N labelled nitrogen in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh was measured over three growing seasons. Labelled $\text{NH}{}_4{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{N}$ equivalent to 100 μg ¹⁵N g^?1 of dry soil was added in four instalments over an eight week period. Recovery of the added nitrogen ranged from 93% 5 months after addition of the $\text{NH}{}_4{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{N}$ to 52% at the end of the third growing season which represented a nitrogen loss equivalent to 3·4 gNm^?2. The availability of the labelled $\text{NH}{}_4{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{N}$ incorporated into the organic fraction was estimated by calculation of the rate of mineralization. The time required for mineralization of 1% of the tagged organic N increases progressively with succeeding cuttings of the S. alterniflora and ranged from 152 to 299 days. Only 2% of the nitrogen applied as ¹⁵N labelled plant material to the marsh surface in the fall could be accounted for in S. alterniflora the following season.  相似文献   

Factorial analysis of annual erosion-accretion cycles of tidal flats in the front area of the southern Changjiang river delta     

Yang Shilun  Chen Xiangfeng  Zhang Zhengti 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,8(1):1-11

Based on surveyed data from seven coastal sections and the collected data of wind, sea level, tide, nearshore suspended sediment concentration and river flux from adjacent stations, this paper deals with regressive correlation between monthly average flat elevation and monthly average figures of the influential factors. All sections except one which is located within the river mouth showed negative correlation between flat elevation and sea level and between flat elevation and tidal range, with correlation coefficients being −0.53 – −0.91 (−0.77 on the average) in the former condition and −0.56 – −0.97 (−0.80 on the average) under the latter. Each of the sections with available suspended sediment concentration (SSC) data shows a positive correlation between flat elevation and SSC, with correlative coefficients being 0.35 – 0.97 (0.66 on the average). Only two sections (one in the Changjiang River Estuary and the other in the Hangzhou Bay) which are similar to beaches in sediment grain-size and slope gradient showed a negative correlation between flat elevation and onshore wind frequency and between flat elevation and average wind velocity, with correlative coefficients being respectively −0.57 and −0.69 (−0.63 on the average) in the former situation and −0.61 and −0.75 (−0.68 on the average) in the latter. Other sections did not show uniform relationship between flat elevation and wind conditions. Due to local marine factors the nearshore SSC in the studied area is negatively correlated with the Changjiang River sediment flux (r=−0.78), which results in false negative correlation between flat elevation and river sediment flux. The paper also gives sediment dynamic and morphodynamic explanation for the above correlations. Sea level rise results in the spread of breaker zone from subtidal area to intertidal area and then increases the intertidal water energy. The larger the tidal range, the stronger the tide currents and the easier for the flat to be eroded. The higher the SSC of flood water, the easier for the sediment to deposit down. Because of correlations among the influential factors, it is difficult to give the prime one which dominates the erosion and accretion processes in tidal flats.  相似文献   

CARBON CYCLE OF MARSH IN THE SANJIANG PLAIN   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马学慧  吕宪国 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,7(2):175-179

Peat~hisaprocessofbeinghelpfulfordecreasingtheincrementofopcontentintheair,whichiscausedbycombustionofdineralfuelsandhumanactivitiesinterrestrialecosystem.But,exploitingrnaxsh,eSPeCiallyPeatedtObefuels,impliesthatorgbocsubstanceaccUInulatedfroma~hereduringthepastthousandsofyearsisrapidlyOxidized.aamthemarShplaysanimPOrtantroleinthecycleofbiogaxhdristry.TheSanjiangPlainisalowplainformedbythecommonreactionoftheHeilongRiver,SonghuaherandWUSuliabover.Thetotalareais10.89X104klnZandmarsharea…  相似文献   

广西东南及西南部中生代火山活动旋回划分     

杨丽贞 《南方国土资源》1997,(2)

桂东南和桂西南地区中生代三叠纪和白垩纪的火山活动活跃。近年来通过对这些火山岩研究，根据目前普遍采用的火山活动旋回划分的基本原则，将该地区中生代火山活动划分出上、下２个火山岩系，４个火山活动旋回  相似文献   

环沟格特哈(Katelysia rimularis)的生殖周期     

邱德全  李复雪 《广东海洋大学学报》1997,(2)

周年采集环沟格特蛤（Katelysiarimularis）分别测定生长指标（总重、软体部重、性腺重、肝重和软体部干重等）并用组织切片观察性腺发育的状况，以确定性腺发育的周期和时间。组织的光镜研究说明环沟格特蛤雌雄性腺发育均可分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期。在厦门吴冠镇环沟格特蛤1月开始其性腺发育,3月进入生长期，5～6月成熟，5～11月都有产卵，每年7月11月各有一次排卵高峰期。  相似文献   

Geodetic data inversion using ABIC to estimate slip history during one earthquake cycle with viscoelastic slip-response functions   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yukitoshi Fukahata  Akira Nishitani  Mitsuhiro Matsu'ura 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,156(1):140-153

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HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT: ACHIEVEMENTS, BENEFITS AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES FROM A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE     

BERNHARD HUFENBACH  GÜNTHER SEIBERT 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2004,94(3-4):185-212

The past achievements, benefits and future opportunities of human spaceflight are discussed from a European perspective. Earlier work performed on the Skylab, Salyut, Shuttle, Spacelab, and Mir orbital facilities is reviewed, together with the prospects for new research on the International Space Station (ISS). Major scientific benefits are expected from the ISS in the areas of life science research (including human physiology and medicine) physical sciences, and fundamental physics.  相似文献